PART 4

17 EVIDENCES AGAINST EVOLUTION

6. SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

The second law of thermodynamics states that although the

total amount of energy remains constant, the amount of usable

energy is constantly decreasing. This law can be seen in most

everything. Where work is done, energy is expelled. That energy

can never again be used. As usable energy decreases, decay in-

creases. Herein lies the problem for evolution. If the natural

trend is toward degeneration, then evolution is impossible, for

it demands the betterment of organisms through mutation.

Some try to sidestep this law by saying that it applies only

to closed environments. They say the earth is an open environ-

ment, collecting energy from the sun. However, Dr. Duane Gish has

put forth four conditions that must be met in order for complex-

ity to be generated in an environment.

1. The system must be an open system.

2. An adequate external energy force must be avail-

able.

3. The system must possess energy conversion mecha-

nisms.

4. A control mechanism must exist within the system

for directing, maintaining and replicating these

energy conversion mechanisms.

The second law clearly presents another insurmountable barrier

to evolutionary idealism.

7. VESTIGIAL ORGANS

Vestigial organs are supposed organs in the body which are

useless, left over from evolutionary development. The following

arguments for vestigial organs are based on those taken from the

"Bible Science Newsletter," August 1989, p. 16.

1. Just because we don't yet know the role of an organ

does not mean it is useless and left over from previous

stages of evolution.

2. This view is plain false. In the 1800's, evolution-

ists listed 180 vestigial organs in the human body. The

functions for all have now been found. Some of these

were the pituitary gland (oversees skeletal growth),

the thymus (an endocrine gland), the pineal gland

(affects the development of the sex glands), the ton-

sils, and appendix (both now known to fight disease.)

3. The fact that an organ must sometimes be removed

does not make it vestigial.

4. The fact that one can live without an organ (appen-

dix, tonsils) does not make it vestigial. You can sur-

vive without an arm or a kidney but these are not con-

sidered vestigial.

5. Organs are not vestigial based upon your need or

use of them.

6. According to evolution, if an organ has lost its

value, it should, over time, vanish completely. There

has been enough time to lose these "vestigial" organs,

but we still have them.

7. If organs do become useless, this would back up the

second law of thermodynamics and the degenerative proc-

ess, not evolution, which requires adaptation of organs

for new purposes.

8. Vestigial organs prove loss, not evolutionary pro-

gression. Evolution theory requires new organs forming

for useful purposes, not "old ones" dying out.

9. Evolutionists have, for the most part, given up the

argument over vestigial organs.