[Footnote 1: The civilians of the darker ages have
established an absurd and incomprehensible mode of
quotation, which is supported by authority and custom. In
their references to the Code, the Pandects, and the
Institutes, they mention the number, not of the book, but
only of the law; and content themselves with reciting the
first words of the title to which it belongs; and of these
titles there are more than a thousand. Ludewig (Vit.
Justiniani, p. 268) wishes to shake off this pendantic yoke;
and I have dared to adopt the simple and rational method of
numbering the book, the title, and the law. ]