48. Machinis constructis, omnibusque tormentorum generibus
adhibitis. Jornandes, c. 42, p. 673. In the thirteenth
century the Moguls battered the cities of China with large
engines constructed by the Mahometans or Christians in their
service which threw stones from 150 to 300 pounds weight. In
the defence of their country the Chinese used gunpowder, and
even bombs, above an hundred years before they were known in
Europe, yet even those celestial, or infernal, arms were
insufficient to protect a pusillanimous nation. See Gaubil
Hist. des Mongous, p. 70, 71, 155, 157, etc.